Getting a motorcycle licence can feel confusing at first, especially with CBT, theory, Module 1, Module 2 and the different licence categories to think about. The good news is that the route is logical once you break it down. This roadmap explains the usual journey from your first CBT through to a full motorcycle licence, so you can plan each step with confidence.
Step 1: Start with CBT
For most new riders, the first step is Compulsory Basic Training, known as CBT. CBT is not a practical test in the same way as Module 1 or Module 2. It is a DVSA-regulated training course designed to make sure you can ride safely as a learner before going out on the road on your own.
During CBT, you work through the basic skills in order. You start with an introduction, eyesight check and safety briefing, then move on to machine controls, practical riding on the training area, road safety discussion and finally an on-road ride with your instructor if you are ready.
After completing CBT, you can ride a moped from age 16. From age 17, you can ride a motorcycle up to 125cc and 11kW on L plates. You must follow learner restrictions, which means no pillion passenger and no motorway riding.
Step 2: Decide which licence category fits your age
Your route depends mainly on your age and the type of motorcycle you want to ride.
- A1 licence: available from age 17. This allows you to ride motorcycles up to 125cc and 11kW without L plates once you have passed the required tests.
- A2 licence: available from age 19. This allows you to ride motorcycles up to 35kW. You can learn more about this route on our A2 motorcycle licence page.
- Category A licence: the unrestricted motorcycle licence. You can take the Direct Access route from age 24, or use progressive access from age 21 if you have held an A2 licence for at least two years.
Choosing the right category at the start helps you avoid wasted time. A 17-year-old rider normally starts with A1 or continues on CBT with L plates. A 19-year-old can look at A2. A rider aged 24 or over can usually consider DAS full licence training for Category A.
Step 3: Pass the motorcycle theory test
Before you can take the practical motorcycle tests, you must pass the motorcycle theory test. This is separate from CBT. It includes multiple-choice questions and a hazard perception test.
Even if you already drive a car, you still need the motorcycle theory test for a motorcycle licence unless you already hold a valid exemption for the route you are taking. The test checks that you understand road signs, rules, risk, vulnerable road users and motorcycle-specific safety issues.
Your theory test pass is valid for two years. You must pass both practical modules within that two-year period. If the theory certificate expires before you complete both modules, you will need to take the theory test again before continuing.
Preparation matters. Reading the Highway Code, practising hazard perception and using proper study material will make your training easier. Our motorcycle theory test preparation page can help you get started.
Step 4: Build practical riding skill before the tests
CBT gives you the learner foundation, but full licence training develops a higher standard of control, observation, judgement and road planning. Your instructor will help you move from basic riding to test-ready riding.
Training usually covers slow control, junctions, roundabouts, bends, positioning, speed control, mirrors, lifesaver checks, independent riding and safe decision-making in real traffic. The aim is not just to pass a test. It is to ride in a calm, planned and predictable way.
The amount of training you need depends on your experience, confidence, road awareness and the licence category. A rider who has been commuting safely on a 125cc may progress faster than someone who has only just completed CBT. Manual gearbox experience can also make a difference if you are training on a geared motorcycle.
Step 5: Take Module 1 off-road
Module 1 is the off-road practical motorcycle test. It is carried out at a DVSA motorcycle test centre, away from normal road traffic. The examiner assesses your machine control through set exercises.
Typical Module 1 skills include manual handling, slow riding, slalom, figure of eight, U-turn, cornering, controlled stop, emergency stop and hazard avoidance. The exact test is structured, so your training will be focused and practical.
Module 1 is often where riders discover the value of smooth clutch control, good head position and calm use of throttle and brakes. Rushing rarely helps. A steady, controlled approach is usually better than trying to force the bike through each exercise.
Step 6: Take Module 2 on-road
After passing Module 1, you can take Module 2. Module 2 is the on-road practical test. It looks at how you ride in real traffic, including your observations, planning, road positioning, judgement, use of speed and ability to deal with other road users.
The examiner is looking for safe, legal and consistent riding. You do not need to ride perfectly, but you do need to show that you can make sensible decisions without prompting. This is where good training, regular practice and a clear understanding of roadcraft come together.
For a fuller breakdown of the two practical tests, see our guide to Module 1 and Module 2.
Step 7: Enjoy the freedom of your full licence
Once you pass both practical modules, you have the full licence entitlement for the category you tested on. That means you can remove your L plates, carry a pillion passenger and use motorways, provided you stay within the motorcycle category you hold.
If you pass A1, you are still limited to the A1 motorcycle rules. If you pass A2, you must stay within the A2 power limits. If you pass Category A, you can ride unrestricted motorcycles.
A full licence is not the end of learning. Many riders continue with refresher training, advanced riding or post-test development to sharpen their skills, especially before moving to a larger or heavier motorcycle.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need CBT before taking a full motorcycle licence course?
Yes, in the usual route you complete CBT first. CBT validates your learner entitlement and gives you the basic skills needed before moving on to theory, full licence training and the practical modules.
Can I ride a 125cc motorcycle after CBT?
Yes, from age 17 you can ride a motorcycle up to 125cc and 11kW on L plates after completing CBT. You must not carry a pillion passenger or use motorways while riding as a learner.
How long do I have after passing the theory test?
Your motorcycle theory test pass is valid for two years. You must pass Module 1 and Module 2 within that period, otherwise you will need to pass the theory test again.
Which licence should I choose: A1, A2 or Category A?
It depends on your age and riding goals. A1 is available from 17 for 125cc motorcycles. A2 is available from 19 for motorcycles up to 35kW. Category A is available by Direct Access from 24, or from 21 through progressive access after holding A2 for two years.
Book your next step with Universal Motorcycle Training
Whether you are starting with CBT, preparing for your theory test, moving towards A2 or planning your DAS full licence, we can help you choose the right route. Our team trains riders at seven centres across London and Hertfordshire: Alperton, Croydon, Edgware, Eltham, Wimbledon, Dagenham and Hoddesdon.
Speak to our team and book your motorcycle training at the centre that works best for you. We will help you take the next step safely and clearly.